Sandalwood for Temple Online Donation

The term sandalwood in English, Chandan in Hindi, and Santhanam in Tamil denotes the precious and fragrant wood treasured for its numerous applications. The botanical name for this esteemed species is ‘Santulum album’. The sandalwood tree is a small evergreen tree, typically reaching a height of 12 to 15 meters. Mature trees are characterized by their dark brown to reddish bark, whereas the smooth trunks of young trees become rough over time, developing deep vertical cracks. They have small leathery leaves that showcase various shades of green and produce purplish-brown flowers that are small and unscented. While the sandalwood tree can thrive in diverse environmental conditions, the finest heartwood—particularly the coveted Mysore sandalwood—forms in the dry, rocky, and hilly terrains of Tamil Nadu. Moreover, the red sandalwood variety is also significant in these regions.

In Tamil Nadu, particularly in the Nilgiris, Coimbatore, Erode, Salem, Dharmapuri, Thiruvannamalai, Vellore, Namakkal, and Villupuram Districts, this species has spread extensively. It is also found in parts of Karnataka and Kerala.

Sandalwood is utilized for aromatic, religious, and medicinal purposes. Sandalwood oil has been extracted and exported from India since ancient times, initially used primarily for perfumes by royal families. Today, sandalwood wood, powder, and oil are commonly used for various applications.

The steam distillation of heartwood powder yields East Indian Sandalwood Oil, known for its sweet, persistent fragrance. The oil content in sandalwood can range from 3% to 5.6%, depending on the specific parts of the tree used; the roots are particularly rich in oil, while the stem (Jojbokal) has a higher concentration of santalol. This oil is often combined with volatile essences from flowers like jasmine, kendra, naresissus, and rose to create popular perfume compositions. Sandalwood oil holds a significant role in the agarpathi, cosmetic fragrance, and soap industries. Besides its importance as a deeply satisfying fragrance source, sandalwood oil is also valued in medicinal applications.

**Uses of Sandalwood Oil**

The majority of sandalwood oil is dedicated to manufacturing perfumes and cosmetics, while it also plays a critical role in medicine preparation. Sandalwood oil serves as a popular remedy for conditions like gonorrhea, chronic fetid bronchitis, cystitis, gleet, and urethral hemorrhage. It is particularly useful in bronchial catarrh; a mix of sandal oil with cubebs and copaiba is commonly recommended for treating gonorrhea, with a suggested dosage of seven drops on sugar.

In cases of remittent fevers, sandalwood oil acts as a diaphoretic, effectively decreasing the heart's rapidity. Externally, it is an excellent treatment for scabies in all forms. A mixture of sandalwood oil with double the quantity of mustard oil proves effective against pimples on the nose.

The primary medicinal use of sandalwood oil is in the symptomatic treatment of dysuria. It is utilized in the sub-acute stages of cystitis and gonorrhea for its beneficial effects on the urinary passage during excretion. Furthermore, sandalwood oil aids in reducing the frequency of micturition, a symptom often marked in bladder tuberculosis. Additionally, sandalwood oil functions as a disinfectant for the urogenital tract and as an expectorant in bronchitis.

**Specifications for Sandalwood Oil (as per IS 329 – 1993):**

1. **Color and Appearance:** Nearly colorless to golden yellow, viscous liquid.

2. **Odour:** Pleasant, sweet, woody, and persistent.

3. **Refractive Index @ 27°C:** 1.500 to 1.507.

4. **Optical Rotation:** -15 to -20.

5. **Relative Density @ 27/27°C:** 0.9635 – 0.9775.

6. **Free Alcohol as Santalol:** Minimum 90%.

7. **Esters as Santalylacetate:** Maximum 7%.

KSTDC SANDALWOOD SHOP(Beauty & Personal Care) U

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